Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Following treatment of Graves’ disease (GD), levels of thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies (TRAb) tend to decrease depending on treatment modality and length of follow up. We have assessed TRAb biological activity at follow up, years after GD treatment.Subjects and methods: TRAb concentration and biological activity were measured in 69 GD patients (59 females; 10 males; median age 59 years; TRAb positive at diagnosis), with follow up r...

Introduction: Following treatment of Graves’ disease (GD), levels of thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies (TRAb) tend to decrease depending on treatment modality and length of follow up. We have assessed TRAb biological activity at follow up, years after GD treatment.Subjects and methods: TRAb concentration and biological activity were measured in 69 GD patients (59 females; 10 males; median age 59 years; TRAb positive at diagnosis), with follow up r...

Background: Hypothalamic injury and impaired melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) pathway signaling, often a result of surgery or radiation for a benign tumor, may lead to hypothalamic obesity (HO). After injury, sudden weight gain and appetite changes unresponsive to existing therapies develop. Setmelanotide, an MC4R agonist, is approved for chronic weight management in patients with certain MC4R pathway–associated diseases. We report interim results of a Phase 2 study of setm...

Background: Prior small studies have suggested increased risk of infections in patients with hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT). This study using a large managed care cohort evaluated whether chronic HypoPT is associated with increased risk of sepsis, respiratory infections, and kidney or other genitourinary (GU) infections.Methods: A retrospective cohort study using a US commercial claims database (Q1 2007–Q2 2017) was conducted to examine the association...

Background: Little is known about the risk of developing nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis in patients with chronic HypoPT treated with conventional therapy (ie, oral calcium and active vitamin D). This study evaluated whether HypoPT is associated with increased risk of these conditions.Methods: This retrospective cohort study, based on a large US commercial claims database (Q1 2007–Q2 2017), was conducted to compare the risk of nephrolithiasis a...

Background: Previous studies of smaller size signaled heightened risk of CKD in patients with chronic HypoPT treated with conventional therapy (ie, oral calcium and active vitamin D). However, little is known about CKD progression, including progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), in HypoPT patients.Methods: A retrospective cohort study, using a large US commercial claims database (Q1 2007–Q2 2017), was conducted to compare the risk of CKD b...

Background: Among chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) patients, the baseline prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) appeared to be higher than the general population in previous studies. Since little is known about the potential assocation between HypoPT and T2D, this study evaluated whether HypoPT is associated with increased risk of T2D.Methods: A retrospective cohort study, based on a US commercial claims database (Q1 2007 – Q2 2017), was conducted ...

Oxidative stress generated in the process of iodide metabolism and thyroid hormone synthesis may play a role in thyroid tumorigenesis and progression of thyroid cancer. The transcription factor Nrf2 is the most important regulator of antioxidant responses. It has been shown that Nrf2 expression is upregulated in papillary thyroid cancer. In response to oxidative stress, nuclear Nrf2 activates antioxidant-responsive elements and induces the expression of stress-responsive genes...

Background: Mutations of 21-hydroxylase (CYP21A2) cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Its severe (classic) form constitutes a life-threatening disease. Patients suffer a significant disease burden due to co-morbidities that are often treatment-related. The current therapeutic situation is unsatisfying and demands novel treatment approaches. In silico modelling suggests protein misfolding and intracellular retention to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of C...

The pituitary gland that synthesises and secretes pituitary hormones is an indispensable endocrine organ. Its development progresses by plural factors. Among them, neuronatin (NNAT), which was discovered in the neonatal mouse brain and is involved in neural development, was later revealed to be an abundantly expressing gene in the pituitary gland, but its role is yet elusive.We analysed the expression profile of Nnat and its localisation in the ...